ABSTRACT:
Abroma augusta L. (Malvaceae) leaf is traditionally used to treat diabetes in India. Therefore, current study was performed to evaluate the protective effect of chemically standardized methanol extract of A. augusta leaves (AA) against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated nephropathy in experimental rats. Antidiabetic activity of AA (100 and 200 mg/kg. p.o.) was measured in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) rats. Fasting blood glucose level and serum biochemical markers were measured. The redox status, transcription levels of signal proteins (NF-KB and PKCS) and histological studies of renal tissues were performed. Phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of taraxerol, flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the AA. T2D rats showed significantly (p<0.01) elevated fasting blood glucose level. Alteration in serum lipid profile (p < 0.01) and release of membrane bound enzymes (p < 0.01) like lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, which ensured the participation of hyperlipidemia and cell membrane damage in diabetic nephropathy. T2DM significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) altered the redox status, decreased the intracellular NAD concentrations in renal tissues of experimental rats. Investigating the molecular mechanism, activation different PKC isoforms was observed in the renal tissue. T2D rats also exhibited an up-regulation of NF-«B and increase in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-IB, IL-6 and TNF-a) in the renal tissues. However, Oral administration of AA per day could significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) reduce hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, membrane disintegration, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation and prevented the activation of oxidative stress induced signaling cascades leading to cellular damage. Histological studies also supported the protective characteristics of AA. The results suggested that, AA could offer prophylactic role against diabetic nephropathy.
Cite this article:
Dewanjee and Khanra (2016). Abroma augusta L (Malvaceae) Leaf Extract Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Responses. Journal of Ravishankar University (Part-B: Science), 29(1), pp.109-110.