Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensors for Detection of Salmonella typhimurium in Food Samples

Shivangi Kosma; Riya Ritika Singh; Manoj Kumar Patel

doi:manojkpatel@prsu.ac.in

Journal of Ravishankar University

Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh

PART-B

(SCIENCE)

ISSN: 0970-5910

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Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensors for Detection of Salmonella typhimurium in Food Samples

Author(s): Shivangi Kosma, Riya Ritika Singh, Manoj Kumar Patel

Email(s): manojkpatel@prsu.ac.in

Address: Nano-Biology Laboratory, School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
Nano-Biology Laboratory, School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
Nano-Biology Laboratory, School of Studies in Life Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India

*Corresponding Author: manojkpatel@prsu.ac.in (Manoj Kumar Patel)

Published In: Volume - 39, Issue - 1, Year - 2026

DOI: manojkpatel@prsu.ac.in

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ABSTRACT:
The rapid and accurate detection of Salmonella typhimurium remains a critical priority in food safety, environmental monitoring, and public health due to the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in nanomaterial-enabled biosensors, emphasizing their synthesis, application, and limitations in pathogen detection. Conventional techniques- including culture-based assays, serotyping, biochemical tests, immunological methods, and molecular diagnostic care discussed alongside their respective advantages and drawbacks. The integration of nanotechnology is highlighted as a transformative step, where nanomaterials such as graphene, metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots enhance biosensor sensitivity, selectivity, and portability through their unique physicochemical properties. Various biosensing platforms, including electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, thermal, and DNA-based sensors, are examined with a focus on their mechanisms, analytical performance, and pathogen-specific innovations. Attention is given to nanomaterial-assisted DNA biosensors that achieve low limits of detection and rapid response times through efficient signal amplification and biorecognition strategies. The review also outlines essential drawbacks and limitations of biosensor development and how it affects reproducibility and performance reliability. An overview of multiplexed detection, real-time monitoring, CRISPR-integrated platforms, and point-of-care devices for next-generation diagnostic systems. Overall, the integration of nanotechnology with biosensor platforms offers a powerful pathway toward faster, more accurate and field-deployable detection of S. typhimurium and other infectious agents.

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Kosma, Singh and Patel (2026). Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensors for Detection of Salmonella typhimurium in Food Samples. Journal of Ravishankar University (Part-B: Science), 39(1), pp. 153-173. DOI:https://doi.org/manojkpatel@prsu.ac.in

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