Author(s):
Durbadal Ojha, Debayan Goswami, Debprasad Chattopadhyay
Email(s):
durba_m28@yahoo.in
Address:
ICMR Virus Unit, LD. & B.G. Hospital, GB 4, 1ST Floor, 57, Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010.
Published In:
Volume - 29,
Issue - 1,
Year - 2016
DOI:
Not Available
ABSTRACT:
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (PT), a widely used ethnomedicinal plant, has been employed to treat a number of skin conditions. To validate its ethnomedicinal potential, we have evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity of a methanolic extract of PT leaves and its isolated compound luteolin against Herpes Simplex Virus type-1. The MTT and plaque assay showed that both the extract and luteolin had potent antiviral activity against wild-type and clinical isolates of HSV-1 (ECS0, 43.6- 52.6 and 19.2-27.5 ug/ml, respectively). The inhibitory effect was significant when the extract or compound were added at 2 h prior to, during or 4 h post-infection, indicating that the mode of action of luteolin is not only the viral entry but also in the post-entry events or host cell modulation. Earlier studies have reported that NF-kB has role in activation for effective replication of HSV and its suppression to inhibit HSV infection. We have demonstrated that the extract or luteolin suppress the NF-kB activation during HSV-1 infection. The in vivo studies revealed that the extract or luteolin at its nontoxic concentration reduced virus yield in the brain of HSV-I infected mice, compared to skin tissues, Furthermore, both extract and luteolin significantly reduced TNF-a, IL-IB, IL-6, and IFN-y expression in HSV-1 infected drug-treated Trigeminal Ganglia, related to TLR3 signaling. Interestingly, following HSV infection luteolin treatment decreased the TLR3 MRNA expression but inhibited upregulation of TRIF and NF-kB expression. These results collectively suggested that the extract or luteolin treatment altered HSV induced inflammation via a TLR3 signaling pathway.
Cite this article:
Ojha, Goswami and Chattopadhyay (2016). Pedilanthus tithymaloides, an Indian Folklore, Inhibits HSV Infection. Journal of Ravishankar University (Part-B: Science), 29(1), pp.95-96.