Cite this article:
Shweta, Kulbhaje and Keshavkant (2016). Influence of Metalloid and Insecticide(S) on Urease and Protease, Key Enzymes of Nitrogen Biogeochemical Cycle. Journal of Ravishankar University (Part-B: Science), 29(1), pp.148-149.
PP-C09
Influence of
Metalloid and Insecticide(S) on Urease and Protease, Key Enzymes of Nitrogen
Biogeochemical Cycle
N Shweta, Sneha Kulbhaje and S
Keshavkant
School of Studies in
Biotechnology, P. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492 010, India
Corresponding author email:
skeshavkant@gmail.com
[Received
23 January 2016, accepted 2 February 2016]
Abstract: The top
layer of the soil consists of large microbial biomass and hence great microbial
activity which plays a significant role in proper functioning of this
ecosystem. In addition, these microorganisms are also associated with various
metabolic activities and in the transformation of different biological products
such as waste materials and synthetic organic compounds into the harmless
products like intermediates of Krebs cycle; malate and also CO. Thus, these
organisms are the producers of a number of beneficial enzymes viz:
dehydrogenase, amylase, protease, urease and key activators of various
biogeochemical cycles of the nature hence play a vital role in maintaining
fertility and health of the soil. Various natural and anthropogenic factors are
established to alter activities of these enzymes. Among several important soil
enzymes, protease and urease of nitrogen biogeochemical cycle are the enzymes
which play crucial roles in nitrogen mineralization and its availability in the
soil, thereby promoting plant growth and development responses. Repeated use of
insecticides and frequent release of metalloids into the soil are shown to
affect adversely to these enzymes. Thus, present study aims to assess the
impacts of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and arsenic, which is applied at the rate
of 50 mg kg', 40 mg kg" and 3.5 mg kg' over the time period of 50 days, on
the activities of both protease and urease. In regard, soil samples from the
paddy growing field have been collected and the water content of it was maintained
up to 60% of water holding capacity. These soil samples were then exposed to
five different treatments such as As, As+Chl, As+Cyp, As+Chl+Cyp and
non-treated Control (Distilled water). Activities of both protease and urease
in the treated soils were measured following standard protocol, after 1, 10,
20, 30, 40 and 50 days of incubation. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA;
following DMRT at P<0.05 level using SPSS (Ver 16.0). Accumulated data
revealed the significant impacts of days of incubation, treatments applied, and
interaction between these two, on the activities of both the enzymes.
Application of TI and T3 lead remarkable enhancement in the activities of
urease and protease enzymes, than the T2 and T4.
Keywords: Arsenic.
Chlorpyrifos, Cypermethrin, Protease, Urease